The present study developed and validated the Perception of Wife Battery Scale (PWBS) to assess culturally grounded beliefs and attitudes toward wife battering. Using a cross-sectional survey design,

Violence against women remains a persistent global and local challenge, despite efforts from various stakeholders, including governments and non-governmental organizations. Approximately one in three

Promoting lifelong physical education consciousness and commitment in sports among adolescents is imperative in cultivating healthy lifestyles and overall well-being. Adolescence is a critical period