Suburban spaces in modern urban landscapes are often reduced to residual areas left behind by the flow of development. However, this study shows that behind these stigmas, fringe spaces hold complex a

The issue of sustainable housing is significant in Pakistan’s cities due to population growth, scarcity of materials, and poor urban planning. This paper aims to explore the challenges of affordable s

Rapid urbanization alters links between the urban and rural areas and uses resources carelessly, destroying peri-urban areas. This situation is made worse in India especially due to lack of a legal st

Climate change is a multidimensional observable fact and is regarded as one of the greatest challenge human society is facing in the 21st century. Debates on climate change advocate that, urban areas